Vital Rates (Life History Parameters)
of and E-pattern for the Brown Smoothhound, Mustelus henlei

Parameter	Female	Male	References
Largest specimens (Total length and mass)	0.95; 1.0 m TL	0.80 m TL	Compagno 1984; Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Size range of specimens	0.257-1.000 mTL (n=56)	0.276-0.795 m TL (n=15)	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Size at maturity	0.51-0.63 m TL	0.52-0.66 m TL	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Smallest mature
Largest immature
Sizes at which 10, 50, and 90% are mature
Estimated age at maturity	2.0-3.4 yr (using VBGF with TL = 0.51-63 m)	2.2-4.0 yr (using VBGF with TL = 0.52-0.66 m)	Yudin and Cailliet 1990; however they reported 1-4 yr for age-at-first-reproduction in abstract?
Gestation time	6 months?
Reproductive cycle	1 year		Cortés (2002)
Litter size (# of pups in litter)	3-5		Cortés (2002)
Birth size estimate	190-210 mm TL		Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Smallest free-swimming	257 mm TL		Yudin and Cailliet 1990
First year growth	140 mm TL based on VBGF	160 mm TL based on VBGF	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
) Von Bertalanffy Growth Function (VBGF	TLoo = 976 mm, TLo = 260 mm (to = - 1.375 yr), k = 0.225 yr-1 (5ln(2)/k = 15.4 yr);	TLoo = 861 mm, TLo = 229 mm (to = - 1.086 yr), k = 0.285 yr-1 (5ln(2)/k = 12.2 yr);	Yudin and Cailliet 1990
Elasticity estimates based on alpha = 3.0 yr, Abar = 4.68 yr; Abar/alpha = 1.560 = E(AS)/E(JS) + 1.0	E(m) = 1/Abar = 1/4.68 = 0.214; E(JS)/E(m) = alpha = 3.0, E(JS) = 0.641; E(AS)/E(m) = Abar- alpha = 1.68, E(AS) = 0.359 Sum Elasticity Ratios = Abar; Sum Elasticities = 1 + E(m) = 1.214		Mollet 2003 (AES Manaus) Normalized elasticities: E(fertility) = E(m)  = 17.6 %; E(juvenile survival) = E(JS) = 52.81 %; E(adult survival) = E(AS) = 29.58 % ; E(AS)/E(JS) = 0.560. Cortes (2002) using a stochastic calculation reported E(AS)/E(JS) = 47.5%/34.4% = 1.381 which is most unlikely to be correct.
Parameter	Female	Male	References